29.事务处理

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在SpringBoot中推荐使用@Transactional注解来声明事务。只需要在需要事务控制的方法或类（全部方法有效）上增加@Transactional注解。原理是SpringBoot会自动默认分别注入DataSourceTransactionManager或JpaTransactionManager

项目工程目录结构:

SpringBoot实现事务处理:

1.pom.xml引入aop的依赖，因为事务是基于aop实现的，在方法执行前开启事务，在方法执行后提交事务或者回滚事务

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<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.启动类添加@EnableTransactionManagement注解，开启事务

3.在Service层添加@Transactional注解，在类或者方法上添加@Transactional注解，添加到类上为该类的所有public方法都开启事务，添加到方法上为该方法开启事务。同时写了类级别和方法级别的@Transactional注解，方法级别的@Transactional注解的优先级更高。

(1) 实体类: MyDirectory

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package com.example.demo.entity;

public class MyDirectory {
    private Integer directoryId;

    private String directoryName;

    private String remark;

    private Integer userId;

    public MyDirectory() {
		super();
	}

	public MyDirectory(String directoryName, String remark, Integer userId) {
		super();
		this.directoryName = directoryName;
		this.remark = remark;
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public MyDirectory(Integer directoryId, String directoryName, String remark, Integer userId) {
		super();
		this.directoryId = directoryId;
		this.directoryName = directoryName;
		this.remark = remark;
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public Integer getDirectoryId() {
        return directoryId;
    }

    public void setDirectoryId(Integer directoryId) {
        this.directoryId = directoryId;
    }

    public String getDirectoryName() {
        return directoryName;
    }

    public void setDirectoryName(String directoryName) {
        this.directoryName = directoryName == null ? null : directoryName.trim();
    }

    public String getRemark() {
        return remark;
    }

    public void setRemark(String remark) {
        this.remark = remark == null ? null : remark.trim();
    }

    public Integer getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "MyDirectory [directoryId=" + directoryId + ", directoryName=" + directoryName + ", remark=" + remark
				+ ", userId=" + userId + "]";
	}
    
}

(2) Dao

接口: 

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package com.example.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory;

public interface MyDirectoryMapper {
	
    int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer directoryId);

    int insert(MyDirectory record);

    MyDirectory selectByPrimaryKey(Integer directoryId);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(MyDirectory record);
    
    public List<MyDirectory> getAllDirectory();
    
}

Mapper.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.MyDirectoryMapper" >
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory" >
    <id column="directory_id" property="directoryId" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
    <result column="directory_name" property="directoryName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="remark" property="remark" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
  </resultMap>
  <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
    directory_id, directory_name, remark, user_id
  </sql>
  <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    select 
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from t_directory
    where directory_id = #{directoryId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </select>
  <delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    delete from t_directory
    where directory_id = #{directoryId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </delete>
  <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory" >
    insert into t_directory (directory_id, directory_name, remark, 
      user_id)
    values (#{directoryId,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{directoryName,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{remark,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, 
      #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER})
  </insert>
  <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory" >
    insert into t_directory
    <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="directoryId != null" >
        directory_id,
      </if>
      <if test="directoryName != null" >
        directory_name,
      </if>
      <if test="remark != null" >
        remark,
      </if>
      <if test="userId != null" >
        user_id,
      </if>
    </trim>
    <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="directoryId != null" >
        #{directoryId,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
      <if test="directoryName != null" >
        #{directoryName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="remark != null" >
        #{remark,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userId != null" >
        #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
    </trim>
  </insert>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory" >
    update t_directory
    <set >
      <if test="directoryName != null" >
        directory_name = #{directoryName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="remark != null" >
        remark = #{remark,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userId != null" >
        user_id = #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
    </set>
    where directory_id = #{directoryId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory" >
    update t_directory
    set directory_name = #{directoryName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      remark = #{remark,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      user_id = #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
    where directory_id = #{directoryId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
  
  <!-- 查询所有文件夹 -->
  <select id="getAllDirectory" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
    select 
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from t_directory
  </select>
  
</mapper>

(3) Service

接口

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package com.example.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory;

public interface MyDirectoryService {

	int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer directoryId);

    int insert(MyDirectory record);

    MyDirectory selectByPrimaryKey(Integer directoryId);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(MyDirectory record);
    
    public List<MyDirectory> getAllDirectory();
    
}

实现类: 

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package com.example.demo.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.example.demo.dao.MyDirectoryMapper;
import com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory;
import com.example.demo.service.MyDirectoryService;

@Service
@Transactional
public class MyDirectoryServiceImpl implements MyDirectoryService {
	
	@Autowired
	private MyDirectoryMapper myDirectoryMapper;

	@Override
	public int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer directoryId) {
		return myDirectoryMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(directoryId);
	}

	@Override
	public int insert(MyDirectory record) {
		return myDirectoryMapper.insert(record);
	}

	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly = true)
	public MyDirectory selectByPrimaryKey(Integer directoryId) {
		return myDirectoryMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(directoryId);
	}

	@Override
	public int updateByPrimaryKey(MyDirectory record) {
		return myDirectoryMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(record);
	}

	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly = true)
	public List<MyDirectory> getAllDirectory() {
		return myDirectoryMapper.getAllDirectory();
	}

}

(4) 启动类

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package com.example.demo;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.example.demo.dao"})
// 开启事务
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}

}

(5) 配置文件

application.yml

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# 数据源配置信息
spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    druid:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo_filesystem
      username: root
      password: 123456
      initial-size: 3
      min-idle: 2
      max-active: 10
      max-wait: 15000
      
      stat-view-servlet:
        login-username: admin
        login-password: 123456
        # allow和deny可以为空
        allow: 192.168.10.25,127.0.0.1,192.168.30.23,192.168.5.26
        deny: 
        url-pattern: /druid/*
        # 默认为false，不开启        
        enabled: true
        
# mybatis
mybatis:
  mapper-locations:
  - classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml
  # 配置输出日志
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

log4j.properties

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# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# MyBatis logging configuration...
log4j.logger.org.mybatis.example.BlogMapper=TRACE
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

(6) pom.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.7.0</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>18_springboot_transaction</artifactId>
	<version>1.0</version>
	<name>18_springboot_transaction</name>
	<description>Spring Boot transaction</description>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- druid-spring-boot-starter -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
		    <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		    <version>1.2.9</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- mybatis-spring-boot-starter -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
		    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		    <version>2.2.2</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- spring-boot-starter-log4j -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j</artifactId>
		    <version>1.3.8.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- pagehelper-spring-boot-starter -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
		    <artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		    <version>1.4.2</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- spring-boot-starter-aop -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

(7) 测试类

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package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import com.example.demo.entity.MyDirectory;
import com.example.demo.service.MyDirectoryService;

@SpringBootTest
class ApplicationTests {

	@Autowired
	private MyDirectoryService myDirectoryService;
	
	@Test
	public void testPageHelper1() {
		MyDirectory myDirectory = new MyDirectory("lib", "dependency jar", 2);
		int rows = myDirectoryService.insert(myDirectory);
		System.out.println("insert rows = " + rows);
		
		
	}

}

输出结果: 

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2022-06-18 16:55:17.394  INFO 11332 --- [           main] com.example.demo.ApplicationTests        : Starting ApplicationTests using Java 1.8.0_271 on DESKTOP-IOB28AF with PID 11332 (started by Tom in E:\SpringToolSuite\project\demo-4.8.1\18_springboot_transaction)
2022-06-18 16:55:17.395  INFO 11332 --- [           main] com.example.demo.ApplicationTests        : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl' adapter.
2022-06-18 16:55:18.040  INFO 11332 --- [           main] c.a.d.s.b.a.DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure : Init DruidDataSource
2022-06-18 16:55:19.084  INFO 11332 --- [           main] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource   : {dataSource-1} inited
Parsed mapper file: 'file [E:\SpringToolSuite\project\demo-4.8.1\18_springboot_transaction\target\classes\mapper\MyDirectoryMapper.xml]'


,------.                           ,--.  ,--.         ,--.                         
|  .--. '  ,--,--.  ,---.   ,---.  |  '--'  |  ,---.  |  |  ,---.   ,---.  ,--.--. 
|  '--' | ' ,-.  | | .-. | | .-. : |  .--.  | | .-. : |  | | .-. | | .-. : |  .--' 
|  | --'  \ '-'  | ' '-' ' \   --. |  |  |  | \   --. |  | | '-' ' \   --. |  |    
`--'       `--`--' .`-  /   `----' `--'  `--'  `----' `--' |  |-'   `----' `--'    
                   `---'                                   `--'                        is intercepting.

2022-06-18 16:55:19.488  INFO 11332 --- [           main] com.example.demo.ApplicationTests        : Started ApplicationTests in 2.373 seconds (JVM running for 3.4)
Creating a new SqlSession
Registering transaction synchronization for SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@7a4d582c]
JDBC Connection [com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@5634a861] will be managed by Spring
==>  Preparing: insert into t_directory (directory_id, directory_name, remark, user_id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
==> Parameters: null, lib(String), dependency jar(String), 2(Integer)
<==    Updates: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@7a4d582c]
Transaction synchronization committing SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@7a4d582c]
Transaction synchronization deregistering SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@7a4d582c]
Transaction synchronization closing SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@7a4d582c]
insert rows = 1
2022-06-18 16:55:19.827  INFO 11332 --- [ionShutdownHook] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource   : {dataSource-1} closing ...
2022-06-18 16:55:19.831  INFO 11332 --- [ionShutdownHook] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource   : {dataSource-1} closed